CVE-2025-54309: CrushFTP Unprotected Alternate Channel Vulnerability
Advisory generated from the CVE record, CISA, Exploit Observer and VEDAS: what it is, whether it is exploited, who is affected, and how to fix and detect it.
Generated by VEDAS. Scores as of 2026-11-01 19:19 UTC. Rebuilt every few hours from cve-scores, CISA KEV and vedas-signatures. How this works and its limits.
What it is
CrushFTP 10 before 10.8.5 and 11 before 11.3.4_23, when the DMZ proxy feature is not used, mishandles AS2 validation and consequently allows remote attackers to obtain admin access via HTTPS, as exploited in the wild in July 2025.
Description quoted from the CVE record (assigned by mitre, published 2025-07-18).
Weakness: CWE-420 Unprotected Alternate Channel
How it can be exploited
Exploitable over the network with high attack complexity needing no privileges and no user interaction. Impact: confidentiality high, integrity high, availability high. CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:N/UI:N/S:C/C:H/I:H/A:H
CISA assessment (SSVC): CISA assesses exploitation as active. Automatable: no. Technical impact: total.
- On CISA KEV since
- 2025-07-22
- US federal deadline
- 2025-08-12
- Ransomware use
- Not known
Public exploit evidence (Exploit Observer)
Also known as: BDU:2025-08775, CNNVD-202507-2381, EUVD-2025-21909, GHSA-rh5q-v9ww-rqgm
VEDAS cluster: VEDAS:DRAKEDIRECT
Exploit Observer links 11 pieces of public exploit code or detection modules that name this CVE or one of its aliases.
Exploit code and modules (11)
Code that names this CVE. A repository can be a working exploit, a scanner, a fake or malware; read it before running anything.
- Nuclei template: https://raw.githubusercontent.com/projectdiscovery/nuclei-templates/main/code/cves/2025/CVE-2025-54309.yaml
- Code repository: https://github.com/0xlittlespidy/cve-2025-54309
- Code repository: https://github.com/blueisbeautiful/cve-2025-54309
- Code repository: https://github.com/brokendreamsclub/cve-2025-54309
- Code repository: https://github.com/chin-tech/crushftp_cve-2025-54309
- Code repository: https://github.com/foregenix/cve-2025-54309
- Code repository: https://github.com/goodworkid0/crushftp-as2-bypass-research-cve-2025-54309
- Code repository: https://github.com/issamjr/cve-2025-54309-exploit
- Code repository: https://github.com/smileyface101/crushftp-as2-bypass-research-cve-2025-54309
- Code repository: https://github.com/watchtowrlabs/watchtowr-vs-crushftp-authentication-bypass-cve-2025-54309
- Code repository: https://github.com/whisperer1290/cve-2025-54309__enhanced_exploit
Research and write-ups (2)
- Research or write-up: https://fidelissecurity.com/vulnerabilities/cve-2025-54309
- Research or write-up: https://labs.watchtowr.com/the-one-where-we-just-steal-the-vulnerabilities-crushftp-cve-2025-54309
Vulnerability databases and vendor advisories (8)
Catalogue entries, not exploit evidence.
- Vulnerability database or vendor advisory: https://euvd.enisa.europa.eu/enisa/EUVD-2025-21909
- Vulnerability database or vendor advisory: https://github.com/advisories/GHSA-rh5q-v9ww-rqgm
- Vulnerability database or vendor advisory: https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2025-54309
- Vulnerability database or vendor advisory: https://www.cisa.gov/known-exploited-vulnerabilities-catalog?field_cve=CVE-2025-54309
- Vulnerability database or vendor advisory: https://www.cnnvd.org.cn/home/globalSearch?keyword=CNNVD-202507-2381
- Vulnerability database or vendor advisory: https://www.tenable.com/cve/CVE-2025-54309
- Vulnerability database or vendor advisory: https://www.vicarius.io/vsociety/posts/cve-2025-54309-detect-crushftp-vulnerability
- Vulnerability database or vendor advisory: https://www.vicarius.io/vsociety/posts/cve-2025-54309-mitigate-crushftp-vulnerability
87 more references returned by Exploit Observer did not name this CVE or an alias, so they are left out.
VEDAS data as of 2026-11-01T17:12 UTC; fetched 2026-11-02.
Live scores
- EPSS
- 0.935
very likely to be attacked soon - VEDAS
- 0.982
strong exploit evidence - On CISA KEV
- Yes, since 2025-07-22
- Detection rule
- None yet
Thin horizontal line: the “likely” (EPSS 0.10) or “strong” (VEDAS 0.90) threshold. Shaded “no data” areas are periods when cve-scores did not publish.
Who is affected
| Product | Affected | Not affected |
|---|---|---|
| CrushFTP CrushFTP | from 10 before 10.8.5 from 11 before 11.3.4_23 | Not stated |
Version ranges exactly as the CVE record states them. “Before X” means X is the first fixed version.
Exploit Observer also maps it to: converge_technology_solutions crushftp, crushftp crushftp.
How to fix it
Fixed versions stated in the CVE record: 10.8.5, 11.3.4_23.
CISA required action: Apply mitigations per vendor instructions, follow applicable BOD 22-01 guidance for cloud services, or discontinue use of the product if mitigations are unavailable.
Vendor guidance:
- https://www.crushftp.com/crush11wiki/Wiki.jsp?page=CompromiseJuly2025
- https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2025-54309
How to detect it
There is no open VEDAS detection rule for this bug yet. It is listed on the detection gaps page if CISA has confirmed attacks.
Advisories on this CVE
References
Government sources
- https://www.cisa.gov/known-exploited-vulnerabilities-catalog?field_cve=CVE-2025-54309 (government-resource)
Other references
- https://www.crushftp.com/crush11wiki/Wiki.jsp?page=CompromiseJuly2025
- https://www.rapid7.com/blog/post/crushftp-zero-day-exploited-in-the-wild/
- https://www.bleepingcomputer.com/news/security/crushftp-zero-day-exploited-in-attacks-to-gain-admin-access-on-servers/
- https://www.vicarius.io/vsociety/posts/cve-2025-54309-detect-crushftp-vulnerability
- https://www.vicarius.io/vsociety/posts/cve-2025-54309-mitigate-crushftp-vulnerability
Other databases
Where this comes from
This advisory is generated automatically by VEDAS from: CVE.org record, CISA KEV, cve-scores (EPSS and VEDAS), Exploit Observer. Text in quotes is reproduced from the source; everything else is a fixed template filled with source fields. Nothing here is written by a language model. Check the vendor advisory before acting, and read how VEDAS and Exploit Observer work, and their limits.