CVE-2025-41451: Post-Authentication OS Command Injection RCE in Danfoss AK-SM8xxA Series
Advisory generated from the CVE record, CISA, Exploit Observer and VEDAS: what it is, whether it is exploited, who is affected, and how to fix and detect it.
Generated by VEDAS. Scores as of 2026-11-01 19:19 UTC. Rebuilt every few hours from cve-scores, CISA KEV and vedas-signatures. How this works and its limits.
What it is
Improper neutralization of alarm-to-mail configuration fields used in an OS shell Command (‘Command Injection’) in Danfoss AK-SM8xxA Series prior to version 4.3.1, leading to a potential post-authenticated remote code execution on an attacked system.
Description quoted from the CVE record (assigned by Danfoss, published 2025-08-22).
Weakness: CWE-77 Improper Neutralization of Special Elements used in a Command (‘Command Injection’)
How it can be exploited
Exploitable over the network with high attack complexity only when specific conditions are present needing high privileges and a user must actively take an action. Impact: confidentiality high, integrity high, availability high. CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:H/AT:P/PR:H/UI:A/VC:H/VI:H/VA:H/SC:H/SI:H/SA:H
CISA assessment (SSVC): CISA assesses that a public proof of concept exists. Automatable: no. Technical impact: total.
Public exploit evidence (Exploit Observer)
Also known as: CNNVD-202508-2835, EUVD-2025-25499, GHSA-r7mx-84m9-9h4q
VEDAS cluster: VEDAS:GAUSSSTORM
Exploit Observer has no public exploit code that names this CVE or one of its aliases.
Vulnerability databases and vendor advisories (4)
Catalogue entries, not exploit evidence.
- Vulnerability database or vendor advisory: https://euvd.enisa.europa.eu/enisa/EUVD-2025-25499
- Vulnerability database or vendor advisory: https://github.com/advisories/GHSA-r7mx-84m9-9h4q
- Vulnerability database or vendor advisory: https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2025-41451
- Vulnerability database or vendor advisory: https://www.cnnvd.org.cn/home/globalSearch?keyword=CNNVD-202508-2835
23 more references returned by Exploit Observer did not name this CVE or an alias, so they are left out.
VEDAS data as of 2026-11-01T17:12 UTC; fetched 2026-11-02.
Live scores
- EPSS
- 0.045
some chance of attack soon - VEDAS
- 0.978
strong exploit evidence - On CISA KEV
- Not listed
- Detection rule
- None yet
Who is affected
| Product | Affected | Not affected |
|---|---|---|
| Danfoss AK-SM8xxA Series | before 4.3.1 | Not stated |
Version ranges exactly as the CVE record states them. “Before X” means X is the first fixed version.
How to fix it
Fixed versions stated in the CVE record: 4.3.1.
How to detect it
There is no open VEDAS detection rule for this bug yet. It is listed on the detection gaps page if CISA has confirmed attacks.
Advisories on this CVE
References
Exploits and technical analysis
- https://github.com/msuiche/fromagegate (exploit)
Other references
Other databases
Where this comes from
This advisory is generated automatically by VEDAS from: CVE.org record, cve-scores (EPSS and VEDAS), Exploit Observer. Text in quotes is reproduced from the source; everything else is a fixed template filled with source fields. Nothing here is written by a language model. Check the vendor advisory before acting, and read how VEDAS and Exploit Observer work, and their limits.