CVE-2025-58360: OSGeo GeoServer Improper Restriction of XML External Entity Reference Vulnerability

What it is

GeoServer is an open source server that allows users to share and edit geospatial data. From version 2.26.0 to before 2.26.2 and before 2.25.6, an XML External Entity (XXE) vulnerability was identified. The application accepts XML input through a specific endpoint /geoserver/wms operation GetMap. However, this input is not sufficiently sanitized or restricted, allowing an attacker to define external entities within the XML request. This issue has been patched in GeoServer 2.25.6, GeoServer 2.26.3, and GeoServer 2.27.0.

Description quoted from the CVE record (assigned by GitHub_M, published 2025-11-25).

Weakness: CWE-611: Improper Restriction of XML External Entity Reference

How it can be exploited

Exploitable over the network with low attack complexity needing no privileges and no user interaction. Impact: confidentiality high, integrity none, availability low. CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:N/A:L

CISA assessment (SSVC): CISA assesses exploitation as active. Automatable: yes. Technical impact: partial.

On CISA KEV since

2025-12-11

US federal deadline

2026-01-01

Ransomware use

Not known

Public exploit evidence (Exploit Observer)

Also known as: BDU:2025-14710, CNNVD-202511-2702, EUVD-2025-199606, GHSA-fjf5-xgmq-5525

VEDAS cluster: VEDAS:DRAGONWILD

Exploit Observer links 12 pieces of public exploit code or detection modules that name this CVE or one of its aliases.

Exploit code and modules (12)

Code that names this CVE. A repository can be a working exploit, a scanner, a fake or malware; read it before running anything.

• Nuclei template: https://raw.githubusercontent.com/projectdiscovery/nuclei-templates/main/http/cves/2025/CVE-2025-58360.yaml
• Code repository: https://github.com/ashwesker/ashwesker-cve-2025-58360
• Code repository: https://github.com/carlzhang123/blackash-cve-2025-58360
• Code repository: https://github.com/joker-wiggin/cve-2025-58360-geoserver-xxe
• Code repository: https://github.com/quyenheu/bypass-cve-2025-58360
• Code repository: https://github.com/quyenheu/cve-2025-58360
• Code repository: https://github.com/thomas-osgood/cve-2025-58360
• Code repository: https://raw.githubusercontent.com/ARPSyndicate/vedas-signatures/main/nuclei/2025/CVE-2025-58360.yaml
• Code repository: https://raw.githubusercontent.com/ARPSyndicate/vedas-signatures/main/nuclei/2025/CVE-2025-58360.yaml
• Code repository: https://raw.githubusercontent.com/ARPSyndicate/vedas-signatures/main/suricata/2025/CVE-2025-58360.rules
• Code repository: https://raw.githubusercontent.com/ARPSyndicate/vedas-signatures/main/suricata/2025/CVE-2025-58360.rules
• Code repository: https://raw.githubusercontent.com/ARPSyndicate/vedas-signatures/main/suricata/2025/CVE-2025-58360.rules

Research and write-ups (2)

• Research or write-up: https://helixguard.ai/blog/CVE-2025-58360
• Research or write-up: https://tryhackme.com/room/geoservercve202558360?utm_campaign=social_share&utm_medium=social&utm_content=room&utm_source=reddit&sharerId=662fb6411f3680a87baf9e1f

Vulnerability databases and vendor advisories (8)

Catalogue entries, not exploit evidence.

• Vulnerability database or vendor advisory: https://euvd.enisa.europa.eu/enisa/EUVD-2025-199606
• Vulnerability database or vendor advisory: https://github.com/advisories/GHSA-fjf5-xgmq-5525
• Vulnerability database or vendor advisory: https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2025-58360
• Vulnerability database or vendor advisory: https://osv.dev/vulnerability/CVE-2025-58360
• Vulnerability database or vendor advisory: https://osv.dev/vulnerability/GHSA-fjf5-xgmq-5525
• Vulnerability database or vendor advisory: https://www.cisa.gov/known-exploited-vulnerabilities-catalog?field_cve=CVE-2025-58360
• Vulnerability database or vendor advisory: https://www.cnnvd.org.cn/home/globalSearch?keyword=CNNVD-202511-2702
• Vulnerability database or vendor advisory: https://www.tenable.com/cve/CVE-2025-58360

33 more references returned by Exploit Observer did not name this CVE or an alias, so they are left out.

VEDAS data as of 2026-11-01T17:12 UTC; fetched 2026-11-02.

Live scores

EPSS

0.612
very likely to be attacked soon

VEDAS

0.989
strong exploit evidence

On CISA KEV

Yes, since 2025-12-11

Detection rule

Nuclei · Suricata

Thin horizontal line: the “likely” (EPSS 0.10) or “strong” (VEDAS 0.90) threshold. Shaded “no data” areas are periods when cve-scores did not publish. The vertical line is the day CISA added it to its exploited list.

VEDAS flagged this bug about 4 days before CISA confirmed attacks.

Who is affected

Version ranges exactly as the CVE record states them. “Before X” means X is the first fixed version.

Exploit Observer also maps it to: geoserver geoserver, maven org.geoserver.web:gs-web-app, maven org.geoserver:gs-wms, osgeo geoserver.

How to fix it

CISA required action: Apply mitigations per vendor instructions, follow applicable BOD 22-01 guidance for cloud services, or discontinue use of the product if mitigations are unavailable.

Vendor guidance:

• https://github.com/geoserver/geoserver/security/advisories/GHSA-fjf5-xgmq-5525
• https://osgeo-org.atlassian.net/browse/GEOS-11922
• https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2025-58360

How to detect it

Nuclei template (active check)

Geoserver - XML External Entity Injection

GeoServer is an open source server that allows users to share and edit geospatial data. From version 2.26.0 to before 2.26.2 and before 2.25.6, an XML External Entity (XXE) vulnerability was identified.

Name and description quoted from the template, written by VEDAS.

The template sends 2 requests (GET /geoserver/wfs?service=WMS&request=GetMap, GET /wfs?service=WMS&request=GetMap); it decides using status, word matchers. Severity in the template: high. Marked as not yet verified against a live vulnerable target.

Run it against a host you own or are authorised to test:

nuclei -u https://your-host -t CVE-2025-58360.yaml

id: CVE-2025-58360

info:
  name: "Geoserver - XML External Entity Injection"
  author: vedas-arpsyndicate
  severity: high
  description: |
    GeoServer is an open source server that allows users to share and edit geospatial data. From version 2.26.0 to
    before 2.26.2 and before 2.25.6, an XML External Entity (XXE) vulnerability was identified.
  reference:
    - https://www.exploit.observer/?keyword=CVE-2025-58360&match=exact
    - https://subdomain.center/?engine=ammonites&keyword=geoserver&match=exact
  classification:
    cvss-metrics: CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:N/A:L
    cvss-score: 8.2
    cve-id: CVE-2025-58360
    cwe-id: CWE-611
  metadata:
    verified: false
  tags: cve,cve2025,geoserver,xxe,wms,vkev,kev,vuln
http:
  - method: POST
    path:
      - "{{BaseURL}}/geoserver/wfs?service=WMS&request=GetMap"
      - "{{BaseURL}}/wfs?service=WMS&request=GetMap"

    headers:
      Content-Type: application/vnd.ogc.sld+xml

    body: |
      <?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
      <!DOCTYPE root [ <!ENTITY xxe SYSTEM "/this_file_does_not_exist"> ]>
      <StyledLayerDescriptor version="1.0.0">
      <NamedLayer><Name>&xxe;</Name></NamedLayer>
      </StyledLayerDescriptor>

    stop-at-first-match: true

    matchers-condition: and
    matchers:
      - type: word
        words:
          - "ServiceException"
          - "java.io.FileNotFoundException"
        condition: and

      - type: status
        status:
          - 200

CVE-2025-58360.yaml on GitHub

Suricata rules (network detection)

1 rule that alert on traffic matching this exploit: VEDAS CVE-2025-58360 Geoserver - XML External Entity Injection. Add them to your Suricata rule set and reload.

alert http $EXTERNAL_NET any -> $HTTP_SERVERS $HTTP_PORTS (msg:"VEDAS CVE-2025-58360 Geoserver - XML External Entity Injection"; flow:established,to_server; http.uri; content:"/geoserver/wfs"; nocase; fast_pattern; content:"request="; nocase; content:"service="; nocase; classtype:web-application-attack; reference:cve,CVE-2025-58360; reference:url,https://www.exploit.observer/?keyword=CVE-2025-58360&match=exact; reference:url,https://subdomain.center/?engine=ammonites&keyword=geoserver&match=exact; sid:1008919; rev:1;)

CVE-2025-58360.rules on GitHub

References

Government sources

• https://www.cisa.gov/known-exploited-vulnerabilities-catalog?field_cve=CVE-2025-58360 (government-resource)

Other references

• https://github.com/geoserver/geoserver/security/advisories/GHSA-fjf5-xgmq-5525 (x_refsource_CONFIRM)
• https://osgeo-org.atlassian.net/browse/GEOS-11682 (x_refsource_MISC)

Other databases

• CVE record (cve.org)
• NVD
• Exploit Observer

Where this comes from

This advisory is generated automatically by VEDAS from: CVE.org record, CISA KEV, cve-scores (EPSS and VEDAS), Exploit Observer, vedas-signatures. Text in quotes is reproduced from the source; everything else is a fixed template filled with source fields. Nothing here is written by a language model. Check the vendor advisory before acting, and read how VEDAS and Exploit Observer work, and their limits.